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馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

2008-01-28 07:15迴響:20點閱:3620

馬、謝完成競選登記﹐總統大選正式起跑。儘管距離選舉還有50幾天﹐現在談馬英九當選後該如何如何﹐似乎嫌早了些。不過從民調、立委席次乃至大選賭盤的預測等等來看﹐相信許多人都同意:馬蕭配的贏面要比謝蘇配大上許多。因此﹐此刻談這個話題﹐從程序上講固然還是假設性的﹐就實務面來說則是理性、務實的。
 
馬英九如果當選﹐他要處理的內外問題何其多。這裡想談的是對外關係﹐而且僅限於對外關係中的幾個面向。
 
首先是與美國的關係。眾所皆知近來台美關係不睦﹐主要原因是阿扁操作入聯公投太過﹐踩了台海穩定的紅線﹐讓老美極端惱怒﹐彼此失去互信。因此﹐儘管美方表面上對三月大選維持中立態度﹐據筆者在華府接觸所知﹐包括政府官員及智庫專家私底下並不掩飾他們對馬勝選的預期。准此﹐馬當選後的第一道課題﹐就是如何重建台美高層的互信。這既是在為阿扁善後﹐也是馬英九的一項挑戰。
 
因為美方固然樂見台灣再次政黨輪替﹐卻也對國民黨與中共的關係抱持疑慮。特別是連戰與胡錦濤建立的國共平台﹐薄瑞光之所以要當面詢問蕭萬長此事﹐就是想弄清楚馬當選後會不會﹁連規馬隨﹂。再加上國民黨在野期間﹐曾長期抵制軍購預算案﹐更讓美方無法放心。
 
因此﹐明確表達支持台灣自我防衛的態度﹐以及未來兩岸關係仍以維持現狀為主軸﹐將是美方對"馬總統"的第一道考題﹐也是重建美台關係的第一步。依照時程推估﹐馬英九應該在五月的就職演說中做出宣示﹐先讓美方安心;接下來就等美國總統大選﹐新總統2009年初上任後﹐那時才是雙方關係能否由剝轉復的關鍵。
 
接著是與中國的關係。大陸近來對台灣大選保持低調﹐應是總結歷史教訓後的理性決策﹐並不表示他們真的毫無偏好或想法。過去幾個月來﹐筆者在華府、北京乃至東京與大陸官員、學者交談所知﹐大陸方面對馬英九當選成為中華民國總統﹐可說是既期待又怕受傷害。一方面他們受夠了這幾年陳水扁操作台獨議題﹐迫使中方不得不被動因應﹐做出嚴厲表態﹐因此台灣如出現一個不支持台獨的領導人﹐自為北京所樂見。至少﹐馬英九可以讓大陸方面不必再擔心﹐某天台灣當局突然宣佈獨立的惡夢。
 
但另一方面﹐馬英九走的如果是國獨〔中華民國獨立〕路線﹐在大陸眼中也是另一種台獨---稱為B型台獨或是獨台﹐長期而言﹐仍與大陸的一國兩制方針背道而馳。大陸方面還擔心馬英九因為是外省人﹐他會不會為了得到台灣本土派的信任﹐而在兩岸政策上更加保守?特別是馬英九過去長期關切大陸的民主與人權運動﹐他對平反六四與法輪功的態度﹐都讓北京高層耿耿於懷。熟悉兩岸情勢的布魯金斯學會東北亞中心主任卜睿哲﹐上周自北京訪問回來與筆者談到此事時就表示﹐馬英九當選總統﹐中國會更頭痛!
 
對馬英九來講﹐如何處理與大陸的關係也是極大的考驗﹐首先﹐他能不能擺脫連戰國共平台的牽制﹐走出自己的兩岸路線﹐外界仍有質疑。還有﹐對於中國的民主與人權問題﹐他還會不會持續關切?日前筆者與余英時教授通電話﹐談到馬當選後的兩岸政策﹐余教授就提到﹁馬英九對法輪功、六四事件的態度﹐都是有案可稽的。如果他當選總統﹐我希望他能繼續堅持下去﹐不要受國民黨內一些人因為個人的利益所牽絆。﹂這其實是海內外許多關心中國前途的知識份子對馬英九的期待。
 
最重要、也是最棘手的﹐是兩岸的實務問題﹐包括三通、撤飛彈及台灣的國際空間等等﹐例如加入世界衛生組織等。這些問題對台灣都很迫切﹐但也都需要兩岸經由良好互動、精細安排才有可能突破。馬英九如何一方面取得北京的信任﹐同時又能不失堅持地繼續他的民主反共路線﹐為兩岸關係開啟新局﹐在在都是考驗。
 
再者是與日本的關係。日本是台灣的近鄰﹐不論從經濟乃至安全角度﹐都是台灣不可忽視的國家。近年來因為中國崛起以及民進黨執政的關係﹐日本的對台政策有了不少轉變﹐對國民黨不免產生疏隔﹐對於馬英九當選後的路線甚至是疑慮多於期待的。
 
上周筆者在東京與外務省、防衛廳以及媒體界的一些朋友聚會﹐當中就有人毫不掩飾地對國民黨重新執政後的日台關係表達憂慮。他們擔心馬英九上台後﹐可能在東海〔包括釣魚台〕問題上與中方站在一起﹐對日本施加壓力。日本友人還提到馬英九當年熱心參加保釣運動﹐博士論文寫的就是釣魚台主權歸屬問題。還有﹐就是中日兩國的歷史問題﹐包括南京大屠殺與慰安婦問題﹐日本人都很關心馬英九將持何種態度。就連中國的飛彈問題也引起日方關注﹐他們擔心兩岸和解之後﹐這些飛彈會轉而瞄準日本。
 
前美國國防部官員石明凱Mark Stokes上週五在此間的台灣論壇發表演講﹐會後筆者曾以前述的東海與飛彈問題請教他的看法﹐石明凱認為這應只是日本人的一種揣測﹐談不上有何政策根據。但會出現這樣的揣測反映的正是日方對馬英九的不信任。一位日本友人還提到﹐去年十一月馬英九第二次訪日時﹐一位馬陣營的策士竟然告訴日方﹐國民黨執政後可以協助改善日中關係﹐因為﹁我們與北京的關係很好!﹂﹐這種"挾中自重"的心態﹐讓日方很不以為然。
 
此外﹐國民黨這幾年在野之後﹐對日人才逐漸凋零﹐目前馬英九手上只有江丙坤這張牌可用﹐但久疏經營已難相應於變動不居的日本政界。至於後起之秀如楊永明畢竟只是純學者﹐堪當幕僚協助籌謀劃策但還無法躍上臺面。因此﹐培養對日人才是馬英九的當急之務。
 
美國、中國及日本是對台灣生存安危與人民福祉影響最大的三個國家﹐但台灣與這三個國家的關係卻是複雜曲折的。從民主陣營的角度﹐台灣與美、日站在同一陣線;就區域安全來說﹐美、日與台灣的利益也是比較接近的;但對於兩岸的未來走向﹐美、日顯然與中國有截然不同的想法。
 
美國期之於台灣的﹐是在戰略上形成牽制﹐又能發揮對中國和平演變的作用﹐但並不樂見兩岸關係靠的太近;日本亦復如是。中國則有著神聖不可侵犯的追求兩岸統一的目標。馬英九的難處在於﹐一方面他不能不設法改善與中國的關係﹐藉助中國的活力來振興台灣經濟﹐並設法開拓中華民國的國際空間;另一方面則不能無視於中國的擴張與專制獨裁的本質﹐必須在民主、人權等可能觸怒北京的問題上有所堅持與表達。
 
說到底﹐真正的關鍵還是在於如何處理兩岸關係。有人用筷子作比喻﹐即兩岸關係有如一雙筷子﹐不能將兩隻筷子綁在一起〔統一〕﹐那樣筷子就沒用了;也不能將兩隻筷子分開兩處〔獨立〕﹐筷子分開了也一樣沒用了。筷子要有用﹐有些地方要合﹐有些地方要分﹐在有分有合之間﹐才能施展筷子的功能。馬英九如何面對中國這個課題﹐是能執兩用中?還是火中取粟?就看他當選後如何下箸了!

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引用:http://blog.chinatimes.com/noa/archive/2008/01/28/240090.html
2008-01-28 07:15作者:黃清龍分類:非資深記者感言迴響:20點閱:3620

迴響與引用列表

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

What the buck? Who cares about pro china or cons china? Just pay for the air ticket, then you get China, you can also move to Japan or US at your own discretion vice versa. If you prefer independence, try living in Taiwan and not go anywhere, there is your independence, if that is not enough for you, try move to Tainan, you will even get the atmosphere of independence. If you want to shed blood for independence, try safari to middle Africa....It is a freaking free world people!!! If you fancy racist against Chinese, move to Indonesia...I doubt you will survive better than the Chinese though.....Don't just Whine...do some thing useful! and get a freaking life while you are at it. If you try to quid pro qua with China now, you are wasting your time..Poor bastards!

2008-03-03 13:33 zz

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

The most stupid thing the Taiwanese do is to treat PRC as a friend.
The stupidest Taiwanese is the one who do not know PRC is aiming 800 missiles at Taiwan.
=======================================

To Dirty Hands,

1. Please think a little differently; it doesn't have to be only two choices -- either enemy or friend. Taiwan actually should act as a strong competitor to Communist China, to offer Chinese people a choice between two different ways of life -- communism or democracy.

2. The missiles you mentioned can be adjusted to aim at Japan in a matter of minutes, so they may have nothing to do with Taiwan. If they were really meant to aim at Taiwan, do you want to do something provocative for Communist China to actually fire those missiles at Taiwan? I fail to understand your logic.

Taiwan doesn't have to be a friend of Communist China, but doesn't have to be an enemy either. Let Taiwan compete with Communist China peacefully. Don't get hung up in those unnecessary issues, such as name, flag, .. etc., but completely focus on how to get Taiwan stronger in all aspects to win over all Chinese people.

2008-01-30 03:47 James

Ma, Yin-Jeo,跳海了!

Ma, Yin-Jeo,跳海了!
Ma, Yin-Jeo,跳海了!

============================
Ma, Yin-Joe again is lying in front of Taiwanese people. He actually did not tell truth about the holding of his green card.
Honesty is the best policy. But it is totally different from the Taiwan’s presidential candidate, Mr. Ma, Yin-Jeo, lying is the best policy.
Wake up Taiwanese people. Ma, Yin-Jeo is a liar who is not an honest person who keeps lying until he cannot do it.


2008-01-29 14:17 Dirty Hands

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

The most stupid thing the Taiwanese people can do is to be China's enemy.
==============================

The most stupid thing the Taiwanese do is to treat PRC as a friend.
The stupidest Taiwanese is the one who do not know PRC is aiming 800 missiles at Taiwan.

2008-01-29 12:55 Dirty Hands

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

The most stupid thing the Taiwanese people can do is to be China's enemy.

2008-01-29 06:13 123Go

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

台灣人不要再像鴕鳥一樣把頭埋在沙裏。要多討論多種可能性。一國兩制?保持現狀?聯邦?邦聯?
至於台灣共和國,那只是夢啦。

2008-01-29 05:50 番薯

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

I completely agree with James.

Well said!

Tai-Du is a dead end.

2008-01-29 05:42 tonyChen

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

You do not need to propose so many options. The only option you have is to surrender before PRC.

That is what you want, isn't it?
=====================================

To Dirty Hands and HGF,

No, you are incorrect. The only option feasible and acceptable to me is #5, That Taiwan is to unify entire China with democracy and rule-by-law, under the name of Rep. of China.

The purpose of my prior posting is to ask people like you to really answer the question as to how you are going to face the consquences under each scenario. For example, how are you going to defend Taiwan against Communist China's military or economic blockade as result of name change to Rep. of Taiwan? Why would United States or Japan get involved when Communist China has long-range missiles with nuclear warhead that can reach Washington D.C.? REmember, we are talking about for the next 200 years, not just for tomorrow or next year.

Taiwan's best strategy is:

1. Keep itself strong economically;
2. Build up a true democracy that is ruled by law;
3. Do not give Communist China any execuses to attack Taiwan militraily, i.e. not to change the name to R.O.T.;
4. Win over Chinese people with a superior way of life -- democracy on the basis of rule by law. The only way that Taiwan can avoid being swallowed by Communist China is to change that communist system peacefully and from within, just like how Taiwanese people have achieved against CKS regime.

There shouldn't be just either independence or unification under Communist rule. Taiwan independence is a dead issue, otherwise Presidents Lee and Chen would have changed the name already. Unification under Communist rule is totally unacceptable, but Taiwan has the opportunity to do the other way. It wouldn't be easy, but it is the only and the best way for Taiwanese people in the long run.

Isn't true democracy on the basis of rule-by-law what Taiwanese people want, regardless the name of the country?

2008-01-29 04:10 James

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

中國國民黨總統參選人馬英九今天晚間召開記者會說,1977年左右,他因在美國申請助學貸款及工作的關係,曾以依親方式申請綠卡,但已在1980年代後期放棄,至今已有二十多年;他的大女兒因為在美國出生,依法擁有美國護照。

民主進步黨總統參選人謝長廷今天兩度質疑,馬英九與家人到底有沒有美國綠卡會有爆炸性發展。

馬英九晚間表示,他的大女兒是在他們夫妻1974年到1981年間到美國求學期間出生的,依照美國和台灣的法律,她同時擁有中華民國與美國國籍,確實擁有美國護照。至於他本人、妻子、二女兒都沒有美國護照,也沒有申請過。

他說,他曾在1977年時,因助學貸款和工作需要,以大姐馬以南依親的方式申請綠卡,但在1980年代後期就已不使用,詳細的年代已記不太清楚,但應是在1985年左右。

馬英九指出,他在1980年代後,每次前往美國都向美國在台協會(AIT)申請簽證,依美國法律,只要申請簽證就視同放棄綠卡,他的妻子也是一樣的狀況,他的二女兒則沒有綠卡。

2008-01-29 01:19 1977-1985?

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

互戳很久了
一長/一短
一紅/一藍
一老/一少

2008-01-29 00:52 兩支打架的筷子?

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

管管立法院吧
立法委員太好混了

管管行政部門吧
大小官僚們混太久了

管管國民黨吧
黨國大老還想混更久

美國?日本?中國?
張開雙臂
來個愛的擁抱吧!
Saying: I love you all!


2008-01-29 00:47 馬英九當選後的幾個對內課題

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

兩岸是兩隻筷子:老掉牙的團結論調!事實上:中國有兩隻筷子,台灣自己也有兩隻筷子!您懂我意思嗎(學李敖大師的口氣)?
==============================

Wrong. Chian and PRC has their own LP.
Two LPs cannot be used together. If two LPs share together, you do not know what it fun and what it is pain.

2008-01-29 00:16 Dirty Hands

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

To James,

You do not need to propose so many options. The only option you have is to surrender before PRC.

That is what you want, isn't it?

2008-01-29 00:14 Dirty Hands

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

Really amusing that some idiots would
propose to make Taiwan as a part of
Japan, an extension of Okinawa Ken ?
Or as the 51st State of the USA ? (even
before Puerto Rico and Guam ?)
(no wonder Ma has secretly applied for
US green card, even during the time when
he was on KMT official scholarship in
Boston. And he held that green card
until 1985 when he was interpreter for
Chiang Kai-Shit's son). Hahahaha.

Further, he thinks Taiwan morons can
re-take China to call the whole China as
"Republic of China".

Republic of Foolmosa is its current
name, in fact. Fools do not have any
future, in real life.

2008-01-28 23:01 HGF

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

兩岸是兩隻筷子:老掉牙的團結論調!事實上:中國有兩隻筷子,台灣自己也有兩隻筷子!您懂我意思嗎(學李敖大師的口氣)?

2008-01-28 15:55 台灣加油加油

統戰論調看多了!請勿受騙!

統戰論調看多了!請勿受騙!
Taiwan is Taiwan!China is China!

2008-01-28 15:41 台灣加油加油

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

如果有綠卡,
當選後應趕緊註銷,
不要老想一些後路,

2008-01-28 12:51 dd

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

The national politics between Japan and Taiwan has been diminishing even when DPP claims such much Japanese relation experts. It is not that Taiwan does not like Japan. The elderly in Taiwan still have the fond memory of Japanese positive impact to them.

On the other hand, Japan as a country has long ignored Taiwan's status as a world player (or even Asian player.) The same situation is for Korean since they all play the pro-China position these days.

Taiwan has to seek its unique position and find a solution. Don't set any limit for Mr. Ma to explore a way to improve relationship with China, Japan, etc. Afterall, "Weak Country Has No Friend." Taiwan has to work hard to find recognition. We cannot do what DPP did which was to be an international joker and bully.

2008-01-28 11:58 Tony L.

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

I think that the first question is to ask ourselves -- what is Taiwan's future, say, 200 years from now? Only after people in Taiwan can agree to the answer of this question, otherwise, Taiwan will have no future!

To me, there are 5 possibilities:

1. Taiwan independence, and change the country name to Rep. of Taiwan;

2. Unify with Communist China and change name to PRC;

3. Become a state of the United State;

4. Become a part of japan;

5. Unify entire China with democracy and rule-by-law, and keep the name of Rep. of China.

People in Taiwan shall analyze each scenario to fully understand all the pros and cons, so that they may fully agree with each other as to which one is most feasible. Only after this exercise, Taiwan will know how to deal with U.S., Japan, Communist China and ITSELF!

God bless Taiwan!

2008-01-28 11:49 James

回應: 馬英九當選總統後的幾個對外課題

Whether Ma has any political wisdom, or
whether he is a statesman with long-term vision and global perspective, or just
another small-minded politician like DPP
green moron Chen Shit-Bin or the like,
remains to be seen.
Judging from Ma's character and past
performance, he is not a dynamic, visionary, highly capable executive. He is too
much a Teflon, a non-sticker, too timid
and too afraid of making mistakes. He is
afraid of making decisions, expecially
crucial, difficult, controversial ones.

He is a long-term party bureaucrat, not
a visionary revolutionary or self-made
captain of industry who all possess very
unusual, outstanding talents, courage and vision. Ma does not have such qualities.

Within KMT, there are still many who
prefer Taiwan to play a strategy card to take advantage of the complicated
relationship amongst China, US and Japan
to continue the status quo of "no war,
no unification, no independence". But,
in fact, Taiwan is already "independetnt" in fact.
No matter what, only if Ma dares to start
direct negotiation to take away all the
stupid barriers in regard to croos-straints relationship, such as direct flights, investment flows and so on, it will
be a positive start. Reduction of dumb
hostilities from Taiwan is always helpful.

2008-01-28 10:29 KJH

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